]> git.localhorst.tv Git - blobs.git/blobdiff - src/creature/creature.cpp
balancing
[blobs.git] / src / creature / creature.cpp
index ccd174db221548dfb9a7def3825d54d4b5d13792..cb0f501eaece3e45d5500e3961acdc9486478362 100644 (file)
@@ -6,11 +6,13 @@
 #include "Situation.hpp"
 #include "Steering.hpp"
 
+#include "AttackGoal.hpp"
 #include "BlobBackgroundTask.hpp"
 #include "Goal.hpp"
 #include "IdleGoal.hpp"
 #include "../app/Assets.hpp"
 #include "../math/const.hpp"
+#include "../ui/string.hpp"
 #include "../world/Body.hpp"
 #include "../world/Planet.hpp"
 #include "../world/Simulation.hpp"
 namespace blobs {
 namespace creature {
 
-Composition::Composition()
-: components() {
+Composition::Composition(const world::Set<world::Resource> &resources)
+: resources(resources)
+, components()
+, total_mass(0.0)
+, total_volume(0.0)
+, state_mass{0.0} {
 }
 
 Composition::~Composition() {
@@ -43,17 +49,24 @@ bool CompositionCompare(const Composition::Component &a, const Composition::Comp
 
 void Composition::Add(int res, double amount) {
        bool found = false;
-       for (auto &c : components) {
-               if (c.resource == res) {
-                       c.value += amount;
+       for (auto c = components.begin(); c != components.end(); ++c) {
+               if (c->resource == res) {
+                       c->value += amount;
+                       if (c->value <= 0.0) {
+                               amount += c->value;
+                               components.erase(c);
+                       }
                        found = true;
                        break;
                }
        }
-       if (!found) {
+       if (!found && amount > 0.0) {
                components.emplace_back(res, amount);
        }
        std::sort(components.begin(), components.end(), CompositionCompare);
+       state_mass[resources[res].state] += amount;
+       total_mass += amount;
+       total_volume += amount / resources[res].density;
 }
 
 bool Composition::Has(int res) const noexcept {
@@ -74,27 +87,70 @@ double Composition::Get(int res) const noexcept {
        return 0.0;
 }
 
+double Composition::Proportion(int res) const noexcept {
+       return Get(res) / TotalMass();
+}
+
+double Composition::StateProportion(int res) const noexcept {
+       return Get(res) / StateMass(resources[res].state);
+}
+
+double Composition::Compatibility(int res) const noexcept {
+       if (Has(res)) {
+               return StateProportion(res);
+       }
+       double max_compat = -1.0;
+       double min_compat = 1.0;
+       for (const auto &c : components) {
+               double prop = c.value / StateMass(resources[res].state);
+               for (const auto &compat : resources[c.resource].compatibility) {
+                       double value = compat.second * prop;
+                       if (value > max_compat) {
+                               max_compat = value;
+                       }
+                       if (value < min_compat) {
+                               min_compat = value;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (min_compat < 0.0) {
+               return min_compat;
+       } else {
+               return max_compat;
+       }
+}
+
 
 Creature::Creature(world::Simulation &sim)
 : sim(sim)
 , name()
 , genome()
 , properties()
-, composition()
+, composition(sim.Resources())
 , base_color(1.0)
 , highlight_color(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
 , mass(1.0)
 , size(1.0)
 , birth(sim.Time())
+, death(-1.0)
 , on_death()
 , removable(false)
+, parents()
 , stats()
 , memory(*this)
 , bg_task()
 , goals()
 , situation()
 , steering(*this)
+, heading_target(0.0, 0.0, -1.0)
+, heading_manual(false)
+, perception_range(1.0)
+, perception_range_squared(1.0)
+, perception_omni_range(1.0)
+, perception_omni_range_squared(1.0)
+, perception_field(1.0)
 , vao() {
+       sim.SetAlive(this);
        // all creatures avoid each other for now
        steering.Separate(0.1, 1.5);
 }
@@ -104,19 +160,17 @@ Creature::~Creature() {
 
 void Creature::AddMass(int res, double amount) {
        composition.Add(res, amount);
-       double mass = 0.0;
        double nonsolid = 0.0;
        double volume = 0.0;
        for (const auto &c : composition) {
-               mass += c.value;
-               volume += c.value / sim.Assets().data.resources[c.resource].density;
-               if (sim.Assets().data.resources[c.resource].state != world::Resource::SOLID) {
+               volume += c.value / sim.Resources()[c.resource].density;
+               if (sim.Resources()[c.resource].state != world::Resource::SOLID) {
                        nonsolid += c.value;
                }
        }
-       Mass(mass);
+       Mass(composition.TotalMass());
        Size(std::cbrt(volume));
-       highlight_color.a = nonsolid / mass;
+       highlight_color.a = nonsolid / composition.TotalMass();
 }
 
 void Creature::HighlightColor(const glm::dvec3 &c) noexcept {
@@ -124,76 +178,167 @@ void Creature::HighlightColor(const glm::dvec3 &c) noexcept {
 }
 
 void Creature::Ingest(int res, double amount) noexcept {
-       // TODO: check foreign materials
-       // 10% stays in body
-       AddMass(res, amount * 0.1);
+       if (sim.Resources()[res].state == world::Resource::SOLID) {
+               // 30% of solids stays in body
+               AddMass(res, amount * 0.3 * composition.Compatibility(res));
+       } else {
+               // 10% of fluids stays in body
+               AddMass(res, amount * 0.1 * composition.Compatibility(res));
+       }
+       math::GaloisLFSR &random = sim.Assets().random;
+       if (random.UNorm() < AdaptChance()) {
+               // change color to be slightly more like resource
+               glm::dvec3 color(rgb2hsl(sim.Resources()[res].base_color));
+               // solids affect base color, others highlight
+               int p = sim.Resources()[res].state == world::Resource::SOLID ? 0 : 1;
+               int q = random.UInt(3); // hue, sat, or val
+               int r = random.UInt(2); // mean or deviation
+               math::Distribution *d = nullptr;
+               double ref = 0.0;
+               if (p == 0) {
+                       if (q == 0) {
+                               d = &genome.base_hue;
+                               ref = color.x;
+                       } else if (q == 1) {
+                               d = &genome.base_saturation;
+                               ref = color.y;
+                       } else {
+                               d = &genome.base_lightness;
+                               ref = color.z;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       if (q == 0) {
+                               d = &genome.highlight_hue;
+                               ref = color.x;
+                       } else if (q == 1) {
+                               d = &genome.highlight_saturation;
+                               ref = color.y;
+                       } else {
+                               d = &genome.highlight_lightness;
+                               ref = color.z;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (r == 0) {
+                       double diff = ref - d->Mean();
+                       if (q == 0) {
+                               if (diff < -0.5) {
+                                       diff += 1.0;
+                               } else if (diff > 0.5) {
+                                       diff -= 1.0;
+                               }
+                               // move 0-15% of distance
+                               d->Mean(std::fmod(d->Mean() + diff * random.UNorm() * 0.15, 1.0));
+                       } else {
+                               d->Mean(glm::clamp(d->Mean() + diff * random.UNorm() * 0.15, 0.0, 1.0));
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       // scale by ±15%, enforce bounds
+                       d->StandardDeviation(glm::clamp(d->StandardDeviation() * (1.0 + random.SNorm() * 0.15), 0.0001, 0.5));
+               }
+       }
+       if (sim.Resources()[res].state == world::Resource::LIQUID && random.UNorm() < AdaptChance()) {
+               // change texture randomly
+               // TODO: make change depending on surroundings and/or resource
+               int p = random.UInt(2); // back or side
+               int q = random.UInt(2); // mean or deviation
+               math::Distribution &d = p ? genome.skin_side : genome.skin_back;
+               if (q == 0) {
+                       // move ± one standard deviation
+                       d.Mean(d.Mean() + (random.SNorm() * d.StandardDeviation()));
+               } else {
+                       // scale by ±10%, enforce bounds
+                       d.StandardDeviation(glm::clamp(d.StandardDeviation() * (1.0 + random.SNorm() * 0.1), 0.0001, 0.5));
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+void Creature::DoWork(double amount) noexcept {
+       stats.Exhaustion().Add(amount / (Stamina() + 1.0));
+       // burn resources proportional to composition
+       // factor = 1/total * 1/efficiency * amount * -1
+       double factor = -amount / (composition.TotalMass() * EnergyEfficiency());
+       // make a copy to total remains constant and
+       // no entries disappear during iteration
+       Composition comp(composition);
+       for (auto &cmp : comp) {
+               double value = cmp.value * factor * sim.Resources()[cmp.resource].inverse_energy;
+               AddMass(cmp.resource, value);
+       }
+       // doing work improves strength a little
+       properties.Strength() += amount * 0.0001;
 }
 
 void Creature::Hurt(double amount) noexcept {
        stats.Damage().Add(amount);
        if (stats.Damage().Full()) {
-               std::cout << "[" << int(sim.Time()) << "s] " << name << " ";
+               Die();
+       }
+}
+
+void Creature::Die() noexcept {
+       if (Dead()) return;
+
+       if (stats.Damage().Full()) {
+               std::ostream &log = sim.Log() << name << " ";
                if (stats.Exhaustion().Full()) {
-                       std::cout << "died of exhaustion";
+                       log << "died of exhaustion";
                } else if (stats.Breath().Full()) {
-                       std::cout << "suffocated";
+                       log << "suffocated";
                } else if (stats.Thirst().Full()) {
-                       std::cout << "died of thirst";
+                       log << "died of thirst";
                } else if (stats.Hunger().Full()) {
-                       std::cout << "starved to death";
+                       log << "starved to death";
                } else {
-                       std::cout << "succumed to wounds";
-               }
-               std::cout << " at an age of ";
-               {
-                       int age = int(Age());
-                       if (age >= 3600) {
-                               std::cout << (age / 3600) << "h ";
-                               age %= 3600;
-                       }
-                       if (age >= 60) {
-                               std::cout << (age / 60) << "m ";
-                               age %= 60;
-                       }
-                       std::cout << age << 's';
+                       log << "succumed to wounds";
                }
-               std::cout << " (" << int(Age() / properties.Lifetime() * 100)
-                       << "% of life expectancy of ";
-               {
-                       int lt = int(properties.Lifetime());
-                       if (lt >= 3600) {
-                               std::cout << (lt / 3600) << "h ";
-                               lt %= 3600;
-                       }
-                       if (lt >= 60) {
-                               std::cout << (lt / 60) << "m ";
-                               lt %= 60;
-                       }
-                       std::cout << lt << 's';
-               }
-               std::cout << ")" << std::endl;
-               Die();
+               log << " at an age of " << ui::TimeString(Age())
+                       << " (" << ui::PercentageString(Age() / properties.Lifetime())
+                       << " of life expectancy of " << ui::TimeString(properties.Lifetime())
+                       << ")" << std::endl;
        }
-}
 
-void Creature::Die() noexcept {
-       goals.clear();
-       steering.Halt();
+       sim.SetDead(this);
+       death = sim.Time();
+       steering.Off();
        if (on_death) {
                on_death(*this);
        }
        Remove();
 }
 
+bool Creature::Dead() const noexcept {
+       return death > birth;
+}
+
+void Creature::Remove() noexcept {
+       removable = true;
+}
+
+void Creature::Removed() noexcept {
+       bg_task.reset();
+       goals.clear();
+       memory.Erase();
+       KillVAO();
+}
+
+void Creature::AddParent(Creature &p) {
+       parents.push_back(&p);
+}
+
 double Creature::Age() const noexcept {
-       return sim.Time() - birth;
+       return Dead() ? death - birth : sim.Time() - birth;
 }
 
 double Creature::AgeFactor(double peak) const noexcept {
        // shifted inverse hermite, y = 1 - (3t² - 2t³) with t = normalized age - peak
        // goes negative below -0.5 and starts to rise again above 1.0
        double t = glm::clamp((Age() / properties.Lifetime()) - peak, -0.5, 1.0);
-       return 1.0 - (3.0 * t * t) + (2.0 * t * t * t);
+       // guarantee at least 1%
+       return std::max(0.01, 1.0 - (3.0 * t * t) + (2.0 * t * t * t));
+}
+
+double Creature::EnergyEfficiency() const noexcept {
+       return 0.25 * AgeFactor(0.05);
 }
 
 double Creature::ExhaustionFactor() const noexcept {
@@ -209,18 +354,38 @@ double Creature::Strength() const noexcept {
        return properties.Strength() * ExhaustionFactor() * AgeFactor(0.25);
 }
 
+double Creature::StrengthFactor() const noexcept {
+       double str = Strength();
+       return str / (str + 1.0);
+}
+
 double Creature::Stamina() const noexcept {
        return properties.Stamina() * ExhaustionFactor() * AgeFactor(0.25);
 }
 
+double Creature::StaminaFactor() const noexcept {
+       double stm = Stamina();
+       return stm / (stm + 1.0);
+}
+
 double Creature::Dexerty() const noexcept {
        return properties.Dexerty() * ExhaustionFactor() * AgeFactor(0.25);
 }
 
+double Creature::DexertyFactor() const noexcept {
+       double dex = Dexerty();
+       return dex / (dex + 1.0);
+}
+
 double Creature::Intelligence() const noexcept {
        return properties.Intelligence() * FatigueFactor() * AgeFactor(0.25);
 }
 
+double Creature::IntelligenceFactor() const noexcept {
+       double intl = Intelligence();
+       return intl / (intl + 1.0);
+}
+
 double Creature::Lifetime() const noexcept {
        return properties.Lifetime();
 }
@@ -233,10 +398,34 @@ double Creature::Mutability() const noexcept {
        return properties.Mutability();
 }
 
+double Creature::Adaptability() const noexcept {
+       return properties.Adaptability();
+}
+
 double Creature::OffspringMass() const noexcept {
        return properties.OffspringMass();
 }
 
+double Creature::PerceptionRange() const noexcept {
+       return perception_range;
+}
+
+double Creature::PerceptionOmniRange() const noexcept {
+       return perception_omni_range;
+}
+
+double Creature::PerceptionField() const noexcept {
+       return perception_field;
+}
+
+bool Creature::PerceptionTest(const glm::dvec3 &p) const noexcept {
+       const glm::dvec3 diff(p - situation.Position());
+       double ldiff = glm::length2(diff);
+       if (ldiff < perception_omni_range_squared) return true;
+       if (ldiff > perception_range_squared) return false;
+       return glm::dot(diff / std::sqrt(ldiff), situation.Heading()) > perception_field;
+}
+
 double Creature::OffspringChance() const noexcept {
        return AgeFactor(0.25) * properties.Fertility() * (1.0 / 3600.0);
 }
@@ -245,11 +434,26 @@ double Creature::MutateChance() const noexcept {
        return GetProperties().Mutability() * (1.0 / 3600.0);
 }
 
+double Creature::AdaptChance() const noexcept {
+       return GetProperties().Adaptability() * (1.0 / 120.0);
+}
+
 void Creature::AddGoal(std::unique_ptr<Goal> &&g) {
        g->Enable();
+       if (goals.empty()) {
+               g->SetForeground();
+       }
        goals.emplace_back(std::move(g));
 }
 
+void Creature::SetBackgroundTask(std::unique_ptr<Goal> &&g) {
+       bg_task = std::move(g);
+}
+
+Goal &Creature::BackgroundTask() {
+       return *bg_task;
+}
+
 namespace {
 
 bool GoalCompare(const std::unique_ptr<Goal> &a, const std::unique_ptr<Goal> &b) {
@@ -259,11 +463,22 @@ bool GoalCompare(const std::unique_ptr<Goal> &a, const std::unique_ptr<Goal> &b)
 }
 
 void Creature::Tick(double dt) {
+       Cache();
        TickState(dt);
        TickStats(dt);
        TickBrain(dt);
 }
 
+void Creature::Cache() noexcept {
+       double dex_fact = DexertyFactor();
+       perception_range = 3.0 * dex_fact + size;
+       perception_range_squared = perception_range * perception_range;
+       perception_omni_range = 0.5 * dex_fact + size;
+       perception_omni_range_squared = perception_omni_range * perception_omni_range;
+       // this is the cosine of half the angle, so 1.0 is none, -1.0 is perfect
+       perception_field = 0.8 - dex_fact;
+}
+
 void Creature::TickState(double dt) {
        steering.MaxSpeed(Dexerty());
        steering.MaxForce(Strength());
@@ -278,29 +493,55 @@ void Creature::TickState(double dt) {
        );
        state.pos += f.vel * dt;
        state.vel += f.acc * dt;
-       if (length2(state.vel) > 0.000001) {
-               glm::dvec3 nvel(normalize(state.vel));
-               double ang = angle(nvel, state.dir);
-               double turn_rate = PI * 0.5 * dt;
-               if (ang < turn_rate) {
-                       state.dir = normalize(state.vel);
-               } else if (std::abs(ang - PI) < 0.001) {
-                       state.dir = rotate(state.dir, turn_rate, world::Planet::SurfaceNormal(situation.Surface()));
-               } else {
-                       state.dir = rotate(state.dir, turn_rate, normalize(cross(state.dir, nvel)));
+       situation.EnforceConstraints(state);
+
+       if (!heading_manual && glm::length2(state.vel) > 0.000001) {
+               const glm::dvec3 normal(situation.GetPlanet().NormalAt(state.pos));
+               const glm::dvec3 tangent(state.vel - (normal * glm::dot(state.vel, normal)));
+               if (glm::length2(tangent) > 0.000001) {
+                       heading_target = glm::normalize(tangent);
                }
        }
+       double ang = glm::angle(heading_target, state.dir);
+       double turn_rate = PI * 0.75 * dt;
+       if (ang < turn_rate) {
+               state.dir = heading_target;
+               heading_manual = false;
+       } else {
+               state.dir = glm::rotate(state.dir, turn_rate, glm::normalize(glm::cross(state.dir, heading_target)));
+       }
+
        situation.SetState(state);
-       stats.Exhaustion().Add(length(f.acc) * Mass() / Stamina() * dt);
+       // work is force times distance
+       // keep 10% of gravity as a kind of background burn
+       DoWork(glm::length(f.acc - (0.9 * situation.GetPlanet().GravityAt(state.pos))) * Mass() * glm::length(f.vel) * dt);
 }
 
 Situation::Derivative Creature::Step(const Situation::Derivative &ds, double dt) const noexcept {
        Situation::State s = situation.GetState();
        s.pos += ds.vel * dt;
        s.vel += ds.acc * dt;
+       situation.EnforceConstraints(s);
+       glm::dvec3 force(steering.Force(s));
+       // gravity = antinormal * mass * Gm / r²
+       glm::dvec3 normal(situation.GetPlanet().NormalAt(s.pos));
+       force += glm::dvec3(
+               -normal
+               * (Mass() * situation.GetPlanet().GravitationalParameter()
+               / glm::length2(s.pos)));
+       // if net force is applied and in contact with surface
+       if (!allzero(force) && !allzero(s.vel) && glm::length2(s.pos) < (situation.GetPlanet().Radius() + 0.01) * (situation.GetPlanet().Radius() + 0.01)) {
+               // apply friction
+               glm::dvec3 fn(normal * glm::dot(force, normal));
+               // TODO: friction somehow bigger than force?
+               glm::dvec3 ft(force - fn);
+               double u = 0.4;
+               glm::dvec3 friction(-glm::clamp(glm::length(ft), 0.0, glm::length(fn) * u) * glm::normalize(s.vel));
+               force += friction;
+       }
        return {
                s.vel,
-               steering.Force(s) / Mass()
+               force / Mass()
        };
 }
 
@@ -308,7 +549,6 @@ void Creature::TickStats(double dt) {
        for (auto &s : stats.stat) {
                s.Add(s.gain * dt);
        }
-       stats.Breath().Add(stats.Breath().gain * stats.Exhaustion().value * dt);
        // TODO: damage values depending on properties
        if (stats.Breath().Full()) {
                constexpr double dps = 1.0 / 4.0;
@@ -322,6 +562,10 @@ void Creature::TickStats(double dt) {
                constexpr double dps = 1.0 / 128.0;
                Hurt(dps * dt);
        }
+       if (!situation.Moving()) {
+               // double exhaustion recovery when standing still
+               stats.Exhaustion().Add(stats.Exhaustion().gain * dt);
+       }
 }
 
 void Creature::TickBrain(double dt) {
@@ -335,10 +579,16 @@ void Creature::TickBrain(double dt) {
        for (auto &goal : goals) {
                goal->Tick(dt);
        }
+       Goal *top = &*goals.front();
        // if active goal can be interrupted, check priorities
        if (goals.size() > 1 && goals[0]->Interruptible()) {
                std::sort(goals.begin(), goals.end(), GoalCompare);
        }
+       if (&*goals.front() != top) {
+               top->SetBackground();
+               goals.front()->SetForeground();
+               top = &*goals.front();
+       }
        goals[0]->Action();
        for (auto goal = goals.begin(); goal != goals.end();) {
                if ((*goal)->Complete()) {
@@ -347,31 +597,64 @@ void Creature::TickBrain(double dt) {
                        ++goal;
                }
        }
+       if (&*goals.front() != top) {
+               goals.front()->SetForeground();
+       }
 }
 
-glm::dmat4 Creature::LocalTransform() noexcept {
+math::AABB Creature::CollisionBounds() const noexcept {
+       return { glm::dvec3(size * -0.5), glm::dvec3(size * 0.5) };
+}
+
+glm::dmat4 Creature::CollisionTransform() const noexcept {
        const double half_size = size * 0.5;
        const glm::dvec3 &pos = situation.Position();
-       const glm::dmat3 srf(world::Planet::SurfaceOrientation(situation.Surface()));
-       return glm::translate(glm::dvec3(pos.x, pos.y, pos.z + half_size))
-               * glm::rotate(glm::orientedAngle(-srf[2], situation.Heading(), srf[1]), srf[1])
-               * glm::dmat4(srf)
+       glm::dmat3 orient;
+       orient[1] = situation.GetPlanet().NormalAt(pos);
+       orient[2] = situation.Heading();
+       if (std::abs(glm::dot(orient[1], orient[2])) > 0.999) {
+               orient[2] = glm::dvec3(orient[1].z, orient[1].x, orient[1].y);
+       }
+       orient[0] = glm::normalize(glm::cross(orient[1], orient[2]));
+       orient[2] = glm::normalize(glm::cross(orient[0], orient[1]));
+       return glm::translate(glm::dvec3(pos.x, pos.y, pos.z))
+               * glm::dmat4(orient)
+               * glm::translate(glm::dvec3(0.0, half_size, 0.0));
+}
+
+void Creature::OnCollide(Creature &other) {
+       memory.TrackCollision(other);
+}
+
+glm::dmat4 Creature::LocalTransform() noexcept {
+       const double half_size = size * 0.5;
+       return CollisionTransform()
                * glm::scale(glm::dvec3(half_size, half_size, half_size));
 }
 
 void Creature::BuildVAO() {
-       vao.Bind();
-       vao.BindAttributes();
-       vao.EnableAttribute(0);
-       vao.EnableAttribute(1);
-       vao.EnableAttribute(2);
-       vao.AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(0, false, offsetof(Attributes, position));
-       vao.AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(1, false, offsetof(Attributes, normal));
-       vao.AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(2, false, offsetof(Attributes, texture));
-       vao.ReserveAttributes(6 * 4, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+       vao.reset(new graphics::SimpleVAO<Attributes, unsigned short>);
+       vao->Bind();
+       vao->BindAttributes();
+       vao->EnableAttribute(0);
+       vao->EnableAttribute(1);
+       vao->EnableAttribute(2);
+       vao->AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(0, false, offsetof(Attributes, position));
+       vao->AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(1, false, offsetof(Attributes, normal));
+       vao->AttributePointer<glm::vec3>(2, false, offsetof(Attributes, texture));
+       vao->ReserveAttributes(6 * 4, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        {
-               auto attrib = vao.MapAttributes(GL_WRITE_ONLY);
-               const float offset = 1.0f;
+               auto attrib = vao->MapAttributes(GL_WRITE_ONLY);
+               constexpr float offset = 1.0f;
+               constexpr float max_tex = 5.999f;
+               const float tex[6] = {
+                       0.0f, // face
+                       float(std::floor(skin_side * max_tex)), // left
+                       float(std::floor(skin_back * max_tex)), // top
+                       float(std::floor(skin_back * max_tex)), // back
+                       float(std::floor(skin_side * max_tex)), // right
+                       0.0f, // bottom
+               };
                for (int surface = 0; surface < 6; ++surface) {
                        const float tex_u_begin = surface < 3 ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
                        const float tex_u_end = surface < 3 ? 0.0f : 1.0f;
@@ -384,7 +667,7 @@ void Creature::BuildVAO() {
                        attrib[4 * surface + 0].normal[(surface + 2) % 3] = surface < 3 ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 0].texture.x = tex_u_begin;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 0].texture.y = 1.0f;
-                       attrib[4 * surface + 0].texture.z = surface;
+                       attrib[4 * surface + 0].texture.z = tex[surface];
 
                        attrib[4 * surface + 1].position[(surface + 0) % 3] = -offset;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 1].position[(surface + 1) % 3] =  offset;
@@ -394,7 +677,7 @@ void Creature::BuildVAO() {
                        attrib[4 * surface + 1].normal[(surface + 2) % 3] = surface < 3 ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 1].texture.x = tex_u_end;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 1].texture.y = 1.0f;
-                       attrib[4 * surface + 1].texture.z = surface;
+                       attrib[4 * surface + 1].texture.z = tex[surface];
 
                        attrib[4 * surface + 2].position[(surface + 0) % 3] =  offset;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 2].position[(surface + 1) % 3] = -offset;
@@ -404,7 +687,7 @@ void Creature::BuildVAO() {
                        attrib[4 * surface + 2].normal[(surface + 2) % 3] = surface < 3 ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 2].texture.x = tex_u_begin;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 2].texture.y = 0.0f;
-                       attrib[4 * surface + 2].texture.z = surface;
+                       attrib[4 * surface + 2].texture.z = tex[surface];
 
                        attrib[4 * surface + 3].position[(surface + 0) % 3] = offset;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 3].position[(surface + 1) % 3] = offset;
@@ -414,13 +697,13 @@ void Creature::BuildVAO() {
                        attrib[4 * surface + 3].normal[(surface + 2) % 3] = surface < 3 ? 1.0f : -1.0f;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 3].texture.x = tex_u_end;
                        attrib[4 * surface + 3].texture.y = 0.0f;
-                       attrib[4 * surface + 3].texture.z = surface;
+                       attrib[4 * surface + 3].texture.z = tex[surface];
                }
        }
-       vao.BindElements();
-       vao.ReserveElements(6 * 6, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
+       vao->BindElements();
+       vao->ReserveElements(6 * 6, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
        {
-               auto element = vao.MapElements(GL_WRITE_ONLY);
+               auto element = vao->MapElements(GL_WRITE_ONLY);
                for (int surface = 0; surface < 3; ++surface) {
                        element[6 * surface + 0] = 4 * surface + 0;
                        element[6 * surface + 1] = 4 * surface + 2;
@@ -438,19 +721,25 @@ void Creature::BuildVAO() {
                        element[6 * surface + 5] = 4 * surface + 3;
                }
        }
-       vao.Unbind();
+       vao->Unbind();
+}
+
+void Creature::KillVAO() {
+       vao.reset();
 }
 
 void Creature::Draw(graphics::Viewport &viewport) {
-       vao.Bind();
-       vao.DrawTriangles(6 * 6);
+       if (!vao) return;
+       vao->Bind();
+       vao->DrawTriangles(6 * 6);
 }
 
 
 void Spawn(Creature &c, world::Planet &p) {
        p.AddCreature(&c);
-       c.GetSituation().SetPlanetSurface(p, 0, p.TileCenter(0, p.SideLength() / 2, p.SideLength() / 2));
-       c.GetSituation().Heading(-world::Planet::SurfaceOrientation(0)[2]);
+       c.GetSituation().SetPlanetSurface(p, glm::dvec3(0.0, 0.0, p.Radius()));
+       c.GetSituation().Heading(glm::dvec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
+       c.HeadingTarget(glm::dvec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0));
 
        // probe surrounding area for common resources
        int start = p.SideLength() / 2 - 2;
@@ -480,19 +769,20 @@ void Spawn(Creature &c, world::Planet &p) {
 
        Genome genome;
        genome.properties.Strength() = { 2.0, 0.1 };
-       genome.properties.Stamina() = { 4.0, 0.1 };
+       genome.properties.Stamina() = { 2.0, 0.1 };
        genome.properties.Dexerty() = { 2.0, 0.1 };
        genome.properties.Intelligence() = { 1.0, 0.1 };
        genome.properties.Lifetime() = { 480.0, 60.0 };
        genome.properties.Fertility() = { 0.5, 0.03 };
-       genome.properties.Mutability() = { 1.0, 0.1 };
+       genome.properties.Mutability() = { 0.9, 0.1 };
+       genome.properties.Adaptability() = { 0.9, 0.1 };
        genome.properties.OffspringMass() = { 0.3, 0.02 };
 
        glm::dvec3 color_avg(0.0);
        double color_divisor = 0.0;
 
        if (p.HasAtmosphere()) {
-               c.AddMass(p.Atmosphere(), 0.01);
+               c.AddMass(p.Atmosphere(), 0.005);
                color_avg += c.GetSimulation().Resources()[p.Atmosphere()].base_color * 0.1;
                color_divisor += 0.1;
        }
@@ -514,6 +804,13 @@ void Spawn(Creature &c, world::Planet &p) {
        genome.base_hue = { hsl.x, 0.01 };
        genome.base_saturation = { hsl.y, 0.01 };
        genome.base_lightness = { hsl.z, 0.01 };
+       // use opposite color as start highlight
+       genome.highlight_hue = { std::fmod(hsl.x + 0.5, 1.0), 0.01 };
+       genome.highlight_saturation = { 1.0 - hsl.y, 0.01 };
+       genome.highlight_lightness = { 1.0 - hsl.z, 0.01 };
+
+       genome.skin_side = { 0.5, 0.01 };
+       genome.skin_back = { 0.5, 0.01 };
 
        genome.Configure(c);
 }
@@ -540,12 +837,14 @@ void Genome::Configure(Creature &c) const {
                glm::clamp(base_lightness.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()), 0.0, 1.0)
        );
        glm::dvec3 highlight_color(
-               std::fmod(base_color.x + 0.5, 1.0),
-               1.0 - base_color.y,
-               1.0 - base_color.z
+               std::fmod(highlight_hue.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()) + 1.0, 1.0),
+               glm::clamp(highlight_saturation.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()), 0.0, 1.0),
+               glm::clamp(highlight_lightness.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()), 0.0, 1.0)
        );
        c.BaseColor(hsl2rgb(base_color));
        c.HighlightColor(hsl2rgb(highlight_color));
+       c.BackSkin(glm::clamp(skin_back.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()), 0.0, 1.0));
+       c.SideSkin(glm::clamp(skin_side.FakeNormal(random.SNorm()), 0.0, 1.0));
        c.SetBackgroundTask(std::unique_ptr<Goal>(new BlobBackgroundTask(c)));
        c.AddGoal(std::unique_ptr<Goal>(new IdleGoal(c)));
 }
@@ -554,33 +853,39 @@ void Genome::Configure(Creature &c) const {
 void Split(Creature &c) {
        Creature *a = new Creature(c.GetSimulation());
        const Situation &s = c.GetSituation();
+       a->AddParent(c);
        a->Name(c.GetSimulation().Assets().name.Sequential());
        c.GetGenome().Configure(*a);
        for (const auto &cmp : c.GetComposition()) {
-               a->AddMass(cmp.resource, cmp.value * 0.5);
+               // require at least 0.1%
+               if (cmp.value > 0.002) {
+                       a->AddMass(cmp.resource, cmp.value * 0.5);
+               }
        }
        s.GetPlanet().AddCreature(a);
        // TODO: duplicate situation somehow
        a->GetSituation().SetPlanetSurface(
-               s.GetPlanet(), s.Surface(),
-               s.Position() + glm::dvec3(0.0, a->Size() + 0.1, 0.0));
+               s.GetPlanet(),
+               s.Position() + glm::rotate(s.Heading() * a->Size() * 0.86, PI * 0.5, s.SurfaceNormal()));
        a->BuildVAO();
-       std::cout << "[" << int(c.GetSimulation().Time()) << "s] "
-               << a->Name() << " was born" << std::endl;
+       c.GetSimulation().Log() << a->Name() << " was born" << std::endl;
 
        Creature *b = new Creature(c.GetSimulation());
+       b->AddParent(c);
        b->Name(c.GetSimulation().Assets().name.Sequential());
        c.GetGenome().Configure(*b);
        for (const auto &cmp : c.GetComposition()) {
-               b->AddMass(cmp.resource, cmp.value * 0.5);
+               // require at least 0.1%
+               if (cmp.value > 0.002) {
+                       b->AddMass(cmp.resource, cmp.value * 0.5);
+               }
        }
        s.GetPlanet().AddCreature(b);
        b->GetSituation().SetPlanetSurface(
-               s.GetPlanet(), s.Surface(),
-               s.Position() + glm::dvec3(0.0, b->Size() - 0.1, 0.0));
+               s.GetPlanet(),
+               s.Position() + glm::rotate(s.Heading() * b->Size() * 0.86, PI * -0.5, s.SurfaceNormal()));
        b->BuildVAO();
-       std::cout << "[" << int(c.GetSimulation().Time()) << "s] "
-               << b->Name() << " was born" << std::endl;
+       c.GetSimulation().Log() << b->Name() << " was born" << std::endl;
 
        c.Die();
 }
@@ -593,15 +898,67 @@ Memory::Memory(Creature &c)
 Memory::~Memory() {
 }
 
+void Memory::Erase() {
+       known_types.clear();
+       known_creatures.clear();
+}
+
+bool Memory::RememberLocation(const Composition &accept, glm::dvec3 &pos) const noexcept {
+       double best_rating = -1.0;
+       for (const auto &k : known_types) {
+               const world::TileType &t = c.GetSimulation().TileTypes()[k.first];
+               auto entry = t.FindBestResource(accept);
+               if (entry != t.resources.end()) {
+                       double rating = entry->ubiquity / std::max(0.125, 0.25 * glm::length2(c.GetSituation().Position() - k.second.first_loc.position));
+                       if (rating > best_rating) {
+                               best_rating = rating;
+                               pos = k.second.first_loc.position;
+                       }
+                       rating = entry->ubiquity / std::max(0.125, 0.25 * glm::length2(c.GetSituation().Position() - k.second.last_loc.position));
+                       if (rating > best_rating) {
+                               best_rating = rating;
+                               pos = k.second.last_loc.position;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (best_rating > 0.0) {
+               glm::dvec3 error(
+                       c.GetSimulation().Assets().random.SNorm(),
+                       c.GetSimulation().Assets().random.SNorm(),
+                       c.GetSimulation().Assets().random.SNorm());
+               pos += error * (4.0 * (1.0 - c.IntelligenceFactor()));
+               pos = glm::normalize(pos) * c.GetSituation().GetPlanet().Radius();
+               return true;
+       } else {
+               return false;
+       }
+}
+
+void Memory::TrackCollision(Creature &other) {
+       // TODO: find out whose fault it was
+       // TODO: source values from personality
+       Profile &p = known_creatures[&other];
+       p.annoyance += 0.1;
+       const double annoy_fact = p.annoyance / (p.annoyance + 1.0);
+       if (c.GetSimulation().Assets().random.UNorm() > annoy_fact * 0.1 * (1.0 - c.GetStats().Damage().value)) {
+               AttackGoal *g = new AttackGoal(c, other);
+               g->SetDamageTarget(annoy_fact);
+               g->Urgency(annoy_fact);
+               c.AddGoal(std::unique_ptr<Goal>(g));
+               p.annoyance *= 0.5;
+       }
+}
+
 void Memory::Tick(double dt) {
        Situation &s = c.GetSituation();
-       if (s.OnTile()) {
-               TrackStay({ &s.GetPlanet(), s.Surface(), s.SurfacePosition() }, dt);
+       if (s.OnSurface()) {
+               TrackStay({ &s.GetPlanet(), s.Position() }, dt);
        }
+       // TODO: forget
 }
 
 void Memory::TrackStay(const Location &l, double t) {
-       const world::TileType &type = l.planet->TypeAt(l.surface, l.coords.x, l.coords.y);
+       const world::TileType &type = l.planet->TileTypeAt(l.position);
        auto entry = known_types.find(type.id);
        if (entry != known_types.end()) {
                if (c.GetSimulation().Time() - entry->second.last_been > c.GetProperties().Lifetime() * 0.1) {
@@ -649,7 +1006,6 @@ std::string NameGenerator::Sequential() {
 Situation::Situation()
 : planet(nullptr)
 , state(glm::dvec3(0.0), glm::dvec3(0.0))
-, surface(0)
 , type(LOST) {
 }
 
@@ -664,44 +1020,48 @@ bool Situation::OnSurface() const noexcept {
        return type == PLANET_SURFACE;
 }
 
-bool Situation::OnTile() const noexcept {
-       glm::ivec2 t(planet->SurfacePosition(surface, state.pos));
-       return type == PLANET_SURFACE
-               && t.x >= 0 && t.x < planet->SideLength()
-               && t.y >= 0 && t.y < planet->SideLength();
+bool Situation::OnGround() const noexcept {
+       return OnSurface() && glm::length2(state.pos) < (planet->Radius() + 0.05) * (planet->Radius() + 0.05);
 }
 
-glm::ivec2 Situation::SurfacePosition() const noexcept {
-       return planet->SurfacePosition(surface, state.pos);
+glm::dvec3 Situation::SurfaceNormal() const noexcept {
+       return planet->NormalAt(state.pos);
 }
 
 world::Tile &Situation::GetTile() const noexcept {
-       glm::ivec2 t(planet->SurfacePosition(surface, state.pos));
-       return planet->TileAt(surface, t.x, t.y);
+       return planet->TileAt(state.pos);
 }
 
 const world::TileType &Situation::GetTileType() const noexcept {
-       glm::ivec2 t(planet->SurfacePosition(surface, state.pos));
-       return planet->TypeAt(surface, t.x, t.y);
+       return planet->TileTypeAt(state.pos);
 }
 
 void Situation::Move(const glm::dvec3 &dp) noexcept {
        state.pos += dp;
+       EnforceConstraints(state);
+}
+
+void Situation::Accelerate(const glm::dvec3 &dv) noexcept {
+       state.vel += dv;
+       EnforceConstraints(state);
+}
+
+void Situation::EnforceConstraints(State &s) const noexcept {
        if (OnSurface()) {
-               // enforce ground constraint
-               if (Surface() < 3) {
-                       state.pos[(Surface() + 2) % 3] = std::max(0.0, state.pos[(Surface() + 2) % 3]);
-               } else {
-                       state.pos[(Surface() + 2) % 3] = std::min(0.0, state.pos[(Surface() + 2) % 3]);
+               double r = GetPlanet().Radius();
+               if (glm::length2(s.pos) < r * r) {
+                       const glm::dvec3 normal(GetPlanet().NormalAt(s.pos));
+                       s.pos = normal * r;
+                       s.vel -= normal * glm::dot(normal, s.vel);
                }
        }
 }
 
-void Situation::SetPlanetSurface(world::Planet &p, int srf, const glm::dvec3 &pos) noexcept {
+void Situation::SetPlanetSurface(world::Planet &p, const glm::dvec3 &pos) noexcept {
        type = PLANET_SURFACE;
        planet = &p;
-       surface = srf;
        state.pos = pos;
+       EnforceConstraints(state);
 }
 
 
@@ -722,6 +1082,13 @@ Steering::Steering(const Creature &c)
 Steering::~Steering() {
 }
 
+void Steering::Off() noexcept {
+       separating = false;
+       halting = false;
+       seeking = false;
+       arriving = false;
+}
+
 void Steering::Separate(double min_distance, double max_lookaround) noexcept {
        separating = true;
        min_dist = min_distance;
@@ -733,7 +1100,7 @@ void Steering::DontSeparate() noexcept {
 }
 
 void Steering::ResumeSeparate() noexcept {
-       separating = false;
+       separating = true;
 }
 
 void Steering::Halt() noexcept {
@@ -767,52 +1134,38 @@ glm::dvec3 Steering::Force(const Situation::State &s) const noexcept {
                for (auto &other : s.GetPlanet().Creatures()) {
                        if (&*other == &c) continue;
                        glm::dvec3 diff = s.Position() - other->GetSituation().Position();
-                       if (length2(diff) > max_look * max_look) continue;
-                       double sep = length(diff) - other->Size() * 0.707 - c.Size() * 0.707;
-                       if (sep < min_dist) {
-                               repulse += normalize(diff) * (1.0 - sep / min_dist);
-                       }
+                       if (glm::length2(diff) > max_look * max_look) continue;
+                       if (!c.PerceptionTest(other->GetSituation().Position())) continue;
+                       double sep = glm::clamp(glm::length(diff) - other->Size() * 0.707 - c.Size() * 0.707, 0.0, min_dist);
+                       repulse += glm::normalize(diff) * (1.0 - sep / min_dist) * force;
                }
-               SumForce(result, repulse, force);
+               result += repulse;
        }
        if (halting) {
-               SumForce(result, s.vel * -force, force);
+               // brake hard
+               result += -5.0 * s.vel * force;
        }
        if (seeking) {
                glm::dvec3 diff = target - s.pos;
                if (!allzero(diff)) {
-                       SumForce(result, TargetVelocity(s, (normalize(diff) * speed), force), force);
+                       result += TargetVelocity(s, (glm::normalize(diff) * speed), force);
                }
        }
        if (arriving) {
                glm::dvec3 diff = target - s.pos;
-               double dist = length(diff);
+               double dist = glm::length(diff);
                if (!allzero(diff) && dist > std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon()) {
-                       SumForce(result, TargetVelocity(s, diff * std::min(dist * force, speed) / dist, force), force);
+                       result += TargetVelocity(s, diff * std::min(dist * force, speed) / dist, force);
                }
        }
-       return result;
-}
-
-bool Steering::SumForce(glm::dvec3 &out, const glm::dvec3 &in, double max) const noexcept {
-       if (allzero(in) || anynan(in)) {
-               return false;
-       }
-       double cur = allzero(out) ? 0.0 : length(out);
-       double rem = max - cur;
-       if (rem < 0.0) {
-               return true;
-       }
-       double add = length(in);
-       if (add > rem) {
-               // this method is off if in and out are in different
-               // directions, but gives okayish results
-               out += in * (1.0 / add);
-               return true;
-       } else {
-               out += in;
-               return false;
+       // remove vertical component, if any
+       const glm::dvec3 normal(c.GetSituation().GetPlanet().NormalAt(s.pos));
+       result -= normal * glm::dot(normal, result);
+       // clamp to max
+       if (glm::length2(result) > max_force * max_force) {
+               result = glm::normalize(result) * max_force;
        }
+       return result;
 }
 
 glm::dvec3 Steering::TargetVelocity(const Situation::State &s, const glm::dvec3 &vel, double acc) const noexcept {